Most Common Names by Countries in 2025- Indonesia

What is the most common surname in your country and what does it mean?

In Italy, the most common surname is related to Roman cognomens: another element of Roman history that has survived to this day.

The surname ROSSI derives from the color red, originally indicating people with reddish hair, beard, or complexion, a distinctive trait in Roman times (like the Latin cognomen Rubeus/Rossius) and among pre-Roman Celtic/Germanic populations, or even a reference to the red color of a profession (e.g., metalworker). It is the most common surname in Italy, with variants such as Russo, De Rossi.

Here's the AI Overview

The most common surname in the Philippines is dela Cruz (or De La Cruz), followed by Spanish-derived names like García, Reyes, Ramos, and Mendoza, reflecting centuries of Spanish influence, though Chinese-Filipino names like Tan and native Tagalog names like Manalo are also very popular and common. 

Top Surnames (Examples): 

1. dela Cruz / De La Cruz: The absolute most common.
2. García: A common Spanish surname.
3. Reyes: Meaning "Kings," also very popular.
Ramos: Another widespread Spanish name.
Mendoza: Common, often associated with Spanish heritage.
Santos: Meaning "Saints".
Tan: A prominent Hokkien Chinese surname.
Manalo: A popular Tagalog surname meaning "to win" or "to overcome".

Key Factors:

Spanish Colonization: 
The Clavería Decree of 1849 standardized surnames, introducing many Spanish names. 
Chinese Influence: 
Surnames like Tan, Lim, and Ong are very common due to Chinese-Filipino communities. 
Native Roots: 
Many indigenous Filipino names (like Manalo, Bautista, Aquino) are also extremely popular


Meanwhile,  Did you Know that.....

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#Indonesia | The World’s Largest Archipelago of Diversity
Indonesia is a vast Southeast Asian country made up of thousands of islands, famous for its tropical landscapes, active volcanoes, rich cultures, and incredible biodiversity.
Geographical Location
Indonesia is located in Southeast Asia and Oceania, stretching between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean.
Borders:
. North: Malaysia, Papua New Guinea
. East: Papua New Guinea, Timor-Leste
. South & West: Indian Ocean
. North & East waters: Pacific Ocean
Capital & Political System:
. Capital: Jakarta
. System of government: Presidential republic
. Administrative divisions: Provinces
Area & Population:
. Area: approximately 1.9 million km²
. Population: over 275 million people
. One of the most populous countries in the world
Physical Geography:
. More than 17,000 islands
. Major islands: Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan (Borneo), Sulawesi, Papua
. Hundreds of active volcanoes along the Ring of Fire
Climate & Nature:
. Tropical climate with rainy and dry seasons
. Dense rainforests and coral reefs
. Home to unique wildlife like orangutans, Komodo dragons, and rare birds
Economy:
. Diverse economy based on manufacturing, agriculture, and tourism
. Key products: palm oil, rice, coffee, spices
. Currency: Indonesian Rupiah (IDR)
Culture & Society:
. Official language: Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia)
. Hundreds of ethnic groups and languages
. Rich traditions in music, dance, batik, and cuisine
Quick Facts:
. Largest Muslim-majority country in the world
. Bali is one of the world’s top tourist destinations
. Located on the Pacific Ring of Fire
Question
What fascinates you most about Indonesia? Islands , volcanoes , or cultural diversity ?


Lastly,

For the first time in more than 30 years, lotus flowers are blooming again across a lake in Kashmir, a sight that brought many locals to tears.
Once common here, the lotus had vanished due to pollution, invasive weed growth, and declining water quality. Its return is a powerful sign of ecological recovery. Lotus plants are highly sensitive to their environment, so their resurgence points to improved oxygen levels, cleaner water, and healthier sediment, often the result of sustained restoration efforts like de-weeding, dredging, and pollution control.
Beyond their beauty, lotus plants support fish, insects, and birds, helping restore freshwater biodiversity. For the community, the bloom represents hope, proof that when nature is given time and care, healing is possible.
Nature doesn’t forget. Sometimes, it just waits.

AI is Finding Deadly Tumors that Doctors Might Miss

A New York hospital in eastern China is quietly piloting an A.I. system called PANDA

 that is catching pancreatic cancers on routine CT scans long before human doctors might 

notice them, giving some patients a rare chance at curative surgery. The article by

 Vivian Wang uses this project to illustrate both the life‑saving potential and the 

ethical and practical challenges of weaving advanced A.I. into everyday medical 

care.

​

What PANDA Actually Does

• PANDA (“pancreatic cancer detection with artificial intelligence”) scans 

  non‑contrast abdominal and chest CT images that patients are already getting 

  for other reasons, and flags subtle abnormalities that could be early pancreatic 

  tumors.​

• In one hospital in Ningbo, the tool has reviewed more than 180,000 scans and 

  helped uncover about two dozen pancreatic cancers, including 14 caught at an

   early, more treatable stage.​

Why This Matters for Pancreatic Cancer

• Pancreatic cancer is among the deadliest cancers worldwide, with a five‑year 

  survival rate around 10 percent largely because it is usually discovered late, after symptoms appear and the disease has spread.​

• Standard high‑resolution imaging is too invasive and costly for mass screening,

   while cheaper non‑contrast CTs are harder for radiologists to read—precisely 

  the gap PANDA aims to fill by extracting more information from those 

  lower‑quality scans.​

How The System Was Trained

• Engineers linked to Alibaba’s research arm worked with radiologists to label tumor

   locations on high‑quality contrast CT scans from more than 2,000 patients, 

  hen mapped those labels onto matching non‑contrast scans to teach the model 

  what to look for in fuzzier images.​

• In a study published in Nature Medicine, PANDA reportedly identified about 

  93 percent of pancreatic lesions in a test set of over 20,000 non‑contrast CT

   scans, a performance level that surprised even its creators.​

Hopes, Doubts, and Risks

• Some cancer specialists quoted in the article say the tool can be especially 

  valuable in hospitals that lack highly trained pancreatic experts, effectively 

  acting as a second set of eyes on every scan.​

• Others warn that false positives can generate fear, unnecessary invasive tests,

   and higher costs, and note that some of the tumors flagged by the system 

  should have been “obvious” to an experienced radiologist even without A.I.​

Broader Context and Human Stories

• The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has granted PANDA “breakthrough device”

   status, fast‑tracking its regulatory review, while multiple clinical trials continue in

   China to see whether the real‑world benefits outweigh the downsides.​

• The article closes with patients like a farmer whose early‑stage pancreatic tumor 

  was removed after PANDA flagged his scan; he admits he does not understand

   how A.I. works, only that a hidden cancer was found in time and his life may 

  have been saved.​

AI Summary:

 A Chinese research team has built an A.I. system called PANDA to spot pancreatic

cancer early by scanning routine CT images that patients are already getting for 

other reasons. The tool analyzes non‑contrast scans, which are cheap but harder

for humans to read, and flags tiny abnormalities that might be early tumors. 

In a major hospital trial, PANDA reviewed more than 180,000 scans and helped 

find dozens of cancers, including many at a stage when surgery is still possible. 

Doctors see huge promise because pancreatic cancer is often detected too late 

and has one of the lowest survival rates worldwide. At the same time, experts warn

 about false alarms, extra tests, cost, and the risk of over‑relying on algorithms. 

The article ends with patients whose hidden cancers were caught in time, 

highlighting both hope and uncertainty as A.I. moves deeper into medicine.​